Definition and diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy

Hyperlipidemia is not only directly involved in diabetic insulin resistance and cardiovascular complications, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) can also act on the glomerular mesangial cells on the LDL receptor, leading to mesangial cells and Podocyte injury, increased proteinuria and glomerular and tubulointerstitial fibrosis progression. Diabetic patients with nephrotic syndrome and renal dysfunction, will further aggravate hyperlipidemia. Therefore, positive correction of diabetic nephropathy in patients with lipid metabolism disorders, but also of diabetic nephropathy is of great significance.
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most important microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, which is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Foreign research data show that more than 20 years duration of diabetic nephropathy in patients with a rate of 40.8 / 1000 person-years, the need for dialysis or transplantation and other renal replacement therapy. The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in China also showed a rapid growth trend. From 2009 to 2012, the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes was 30% to 50% in community patients and 40% in hospitalized patients. Early onset, prophylaxis and delay the development of diabetic nephropathy to improve the survival rate of diabetic patients and improve their lives (http://www.agile-news.com/) .Diabetic nephropathy onset occult, once entered a large number of proteinuria period, progress to the ESRD rate of about 14 times that of other kidney disease, Quality is of great significance. This consensus for the regulation of diabetic nephropathy diagnosis and treatment provided the basis.


First, the definition and diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy is caused by diabetes, kidney damage, is caused by diabetes, chronic kidney disease, including glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 ml · min-1.73 m-2 or urinary albumin / creatinine ratio (ACR) of more than 30 mg / g for more than 3 months. Diabetic glomerulopathy (diabetic glomerulopathy) specifically refers to the renal biopsy confirmed by the glomerular disease caused by diabetes.



(A) of the clinical diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy basis

1. Urinary albumin: microalbuminuria is the early clinical manifestations of diabetic nephropathy, but also the main basis for diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy.
2. Diabetic retinopathy: diabetic retinopathy often precedes diabetic nephropathy, most diabetic nephropathy patients with diabetic retinopathy, but dialysis in patients with diabetic nephropathy, the incidence of diabetic retinopathy is reduced, diabetic retinopathy by NKF / KDOQI As a guide to the diagnosis of type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy.

(B) the screening of diabetic nephropathy and renal function evaluation

Renal function is an important manifestation of diabetic nephropathy, reflecting the main indicators of renal function is GFR, according to GFR and other evidence of renal damage can be chronic kidney disease (CKD) staging (Table 2).





Second, the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy

Prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy is divided into three stages.
The first stage of the prevention of diabetic nephropathy, diabetes screening for key populations and found impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose in patients with changes in lifestyle, blood glucose control and other measures to prevent the occurrence of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy.
The second stage is early treatment of diabetic nephropathy, there microalbuminuria in diabetic patients, to diabetic nephropathy treatment, reduce or delay the occurrence of a large number of proteinuria.
The third stage is to prevent or delay the occurrence or progress of renal insufficiency, treatment of complications, renal dysfunction occurs consider renal replacement therapy. Diabetic nephropathy treatment to control blood sugar, control blood pressure, reduce urinary protein mainly, but also lifestyle intervention, correct lipid metabolism disorders, treatment of renal dysfunction complications, dialysis treatment.

(A) Lifestyle guidance

Changes in lifestyle, including diet therapy, exercise, alcohol, smoking cessation, weight control, is conducive to slow the progress of diabetic nephropathy, renal protection.
1. Medical Nutrition Therapy
2. movement
3. Quit smoking

(B) control of blood sugar

DCCT and its follow-up Diabetes Intervention and Complications Epidemiologic Studies (EDIC), British Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prospective Study (UKPDS) and the American Veterans Collaboration Study (VAC) validated the association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus , Strict control of blood sugar can reduce the incidence of diabetic nephropathy or delay the progression of its course.

1. Blood glucose control goals: Diabetic nephropathy in patients with blood glucose control should follow the principle of individuality. Glycemic control objectives: glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) not more than 7%. For the elderly patients, HbAlc control objectives appropriate to relax to no more than 7% to 9%. HbAlc may be underestimated because the life span of red blood cells in patients with CKD is shortened. In patients with CKD stage 4 to 5, fructosamine or glycated serum albumin reflects a more reliable glycemic control level.

2. Selection of anti-hyperglycemic drugs: including biguanides, sulfonylureas, glinides, thiazolidinediones, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitors, Like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs and insulin. Some of the drugs in the kidney metabolism or excretion in diabetic nephropathy, especially in patients with renal insufficiency, reduced renal excretion or reduction of its active metabolite clearance can cause adverse reactions such as hypoglycemia, these drugs in the GFR below 60 Ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 when the reduction or withdrawal of discretion.


(C) control of blood pressure

Elevated blood pressure is not only an important factor to accelerate the progress of diabetic nephropathy, but also determine the prognosis of patients with cardiovascular disease the main risk factors. In patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy, the effect of blood pressure on renal function is more pronounced. Patients with a systolic blood pressure exceeding 140 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) have a rate of renal decline of 13.5% per year, whereas systolic blood pressure <140 mmHg The rate of decline in renal function was 1%. UKPDS studies have shown that intensive blood pressure control in diabetic patients in the early stages of diabetes not only significantly reduces the risk of diabetic macroangiopathy but also significantly reduces the risk of microvascular disease. A large number of clinical observations also confirmed that strict control of hypertension can significantly reduce urinary protein in patients with diabetic nephropathy, delay the progress of renal dysfunction. Intensive blood pressure control can also reduce the risk of cardiovascular end-point events by 20% to 30%.

(D)

(E) renal replacement therapy

Patients with diabetic nephropathy with GFR less than 15 ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 were eligible for renal replacement therapy, including hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation, if conditions warranted.

(6) other therapeutic drugs application, development and prospect

1. Microcirculation dilator
2. Exploration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Combined with Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Treating Diabetic Nephropathy
3. Development of drugs for the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy

The latest version of diabetic nephropathy expert consensus grab prerelease read! (With full text)

The latest version of diabetic nephropathy expert consensus grab prerelease read! (With full text)


Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most important microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, which is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Foreign research data show that more than 20 years duration of diabetic nephropathy in patients with a rate of 40.8 / 1000 person-years, the need for dialysis or transplantation and other renal replacement therapy. The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in China also showed a rapid growth trend. From 2009 to 2012, the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes was 30% to 50% in community patients and 40% in hospitalized patients. Early onset, prophylaxis and delay the development of diabetic nephropathy to improve the survival rate of diabetic patients and improve their lives (http://www.agile-news.com/) .Diabetic nephropathy onset occult, once entered a large number of proteinuria period, progress to the ESRD rate of about 14 times that of other kidney disease, Quality is of great significance. This consensus for the regulation of diabetic nephropathy diagnosis and treatment provided the basis.


First, the definition and diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy is caused by diabetes, kidney damage, is caused by diabetes, chronic kidney disease, including glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 ml · min-1.73 m-2 or urinary albumin / creatinine ratio (ACR) of more than 30 mg / g for more than 3 months. Diabetic glomerulopathy (diabetic glomerulopathy) specifically refers to the renal biopsy confirmed by the glomerular disease caused by diabetes.



(A) of the clinical diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy basis

1. Urinary albumin: microalbuminuria is the early clinical manifestations of diabetic nephropathy, but also the main basis for diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy.
2. Diabetic retinopathy: diabetic retinopathy often precedes diabetic nephropathy, most diabetic nephropathy patients with diabetic retinopathy, but dialysis in patients with diabetic nephropathy, the incidence of diabetic retinopathy is reduced, diabetic retinopathy by NKF / KDOQI As a guide to the diagnosis of type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy.

(B) the screening of diabetic nephropathy and renal function evaluation

Renal function is an important manifestation of diabetic nephropathy, reflecting the main indicators of renal function is GFR, according to GFR and other evidence of renal damage can be chronic kidney disease (CKD) staging (Table 2).





Second, the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy

Prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy is divided into three stages.
The first stage of the prevention of diabetic nephropathy, diabetes screening for key populations and found impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose in patients with changes in lifestyle, blood glucose control and other measures to prevent the occurrence of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy.
The second stage is early treatment of diabetic nephropathy, there microalbuminuria in diabetic patients, to diabetic nephropathy treatment, reduce or delay the occurrence of a large number of proteinuria.
The third stage is to prevent or delay the occurrence or progress of renal insufficiency, treatment of complications, renal dysfunction occurs consider renal replacement therapy. Diabetic nephropathy treatment to control blood sugar, control blood pressure, reduce urinary protein mainly, but also lifestyle intervention, correct lipid metabolism disorders, treatment of renal dysfunction complications, dialysis treatment.

(A) Lifestyle guidance

Changes in lifestyle, including diet therapy, exercise, alcohol, smoking cessation, weight control, is conducive to slow the progress of diabetic nephropathy, renal protection.
1. Medical Nutrition Therapy
2. movement
3. Quit smoking

(B) control of blood sugar

DCCT and its follow-up Diabetes Intervention and Complications Epidemiologic Studies (EDIC), British Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prospective Study (UKPDS) and the American Veterans Collaboration Study (VAC) validated the association between type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus , Strict control of blood sugar can reduce the incidence of diabetic nephropathy or delay the progression of its course.

1. Blood glucose control goals: Diabetic nephropathy in patients with blood glucose control should follow the principle of individuality. Glycemic control objectives: glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) not more than 7%. For the elderly patients, HbAlc control objectives appropriate to relax to no more than 7% to 9%. HbAlc may be underestimated because the life span of red blood cells in patients with CKD is shortened. In patients with CKD stage 4 to 5, fructosamine or glycated serum albumin reflects a more reliable glycemic control level.

2. Selection of anti-hyperglycemic drugs: including biguanides, sulfonylureas, glinides, thiazolidinediones, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitors, Like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs and insulin. Some of the drugs in the kidney metabolism or excretion in diabetic nephropathy, especially in patients with renal insufficiency, reduced renal excretion or reduction of its active metabolite clearance can cause adverse reactions such as hypoglycemia, these drugs in the GFR below 60 Ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 when the reduction or withdrawal of discretion.


(C) control of blood pressure

Elevated blood pressure is not only an important factor to accelerate the progress of diabetic nephropathy, but also determine the prognosis of patients with cardiovascular disease the main risk factors. In patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy, the effect of blood pressure on renal function is more pronounced. Patients with a systolic blood pressure exceeding 140 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) have a rate of renal decline of 13.5% per year, whereas systolic blood pressure <140 mmHg The rate of decline in renal function was 1%. UKPDS studies have shown that intensive blood pressure control in diabetic patients in the early stages of diabetes not only significantly reduces the risk of diabetic macroangiopathy but also significantly reduces the risk of microvascular disease. A large number of clinical observations also confirmed that strict control of hypertension can significantly reduce urinary protein in patients with diabetic nephropathy, delay the progress of renal dysfunction. Intensive blood pressure control can also reduce the risk of cardiovascular end-point events by 20% to 30%.

(D) to correct lipid metabolism disorders

Hyperlipidemia is not only directly involved in diabetic insulin resistance and cardiovascular complications, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) can also act on the glomerular mesangial cells on the LDL receptor, leading to mesangial cells and Podocyte injury, increased proteinuria and glomerular and tubulointerstitial fibrosis progression. Diabetic patients with nephrotic syndrome and renal dysfunction, will further aggravate hyperlipidemia. Therefore, positive correction of diabetic nephropathy in patients with lipid metabolism disorders, but also of diabetic nephropathy is of great significance.

(E) renal replacement therapy

Patients with diabetic nephropathy with GFR less than 15 ml · min-1 · 1.73 m-2 were eligible for renal replacement therapy, including hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation, if conditions warranted.

(6) other therapeutic drugs application, development and prospect

1. Microcirculation dilator
2. Exploration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Combined with Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Treating Diabetic Nephropathy
3. Development of drugs for the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy

7 bad habits to your kidney is injured early found by the "trilogy"

7 bad habits to your kidney is injured early found by the "trilogy"


Kidney, a strong compensatory ability, but this powerful "skill" beneficial but also disadvantages. When the early stage of kidney disease or less severe, the majority of patients did not feel, even some patients with backache, edema, poor appetite discomfort, but also mostly attributed to fatigue, sub-health, etc., is rarely associated with may be Kidney is a problem.
Such as the emergence of hypertension, anemia and other symptoms of renal failure to go to the hospital, the renal function has been basically lost to the development of the medium or uremic stage. Therefore, chronic kidney disease must be early detection of early prevention.
Chronic kidney disease early found by this "trilogy"
1. Normal urine should be checked once a year and renal function, if check out the proteinuria, elevated serum creatinine, etc., should pay attention to find a specialist for further examination.
2. Individual population screening should be closer. Such as diabetes, high blood pressure than the general population more prone to kidney problems, should regularly check the kidneys; women after pregnancy, with the increase in pregnancy, significantly increased burden on the kidney, the best check before pregnancy whether kidney disease.
3. There backache, low back pain, lower limbs, eyelid edema, foam urine, hematuria symptoms, the hospital should be promptly checked for kidney disease.
7 bad habits to make your kidney is "injured"
Fatigue. People in the fatigue state, coupled with work, mental stress, likely to cause decreased resistance, leading to bacterial, viral infection, causing kidney damage. Kidney "favorite" regular lifestyle and proper exercise, the body and kidney disease resistance can be enhanced.
Overeating. The body daily intake of large amounts of food (mainly protein), the final metabolites (waste) such as uric acid and urea nitrogen, creatinine, etc., are responsible for the kidney to discharge. Therefore, excessive food (binge drinking, overeating) certainly increase the burden on the kidneys.
Do not drink water. Adequate water every day, do not hold back urine, to prevent urinary tract infection, kidney stones are less prone to occur.
Sore throat when little things. Throat and tonsils and other parts of the occurrence of Streptococcus infection, if not timely and effective control of infection, in 1 to 4 weeks after may cause kidney disease. In particular, group A β-hemolytic streptococcal infection, should be immediately cured, to avoid causing glomerulonephritis.
Often eat painkillers. Analgesic drugs can immediately relieve symptoms and pain, but there are nephrotoxicity, if long-term use, the probability of serious injury to the kidney is extremely high, and the damage caused by the kidney is irreversible. In addition, in addition to painkillers, some western medicine, individual traditional Chinese medicine (Guanmutong, etc.) have confirmed renal toxicity should be avoided as far as possible.
High blood pressure does not matter. Long-term uncontrolled high blood pressure, will continue to damage the kidneys arteries and capillaries, easily lead to glomerular "three high" phenomenon, eventually leading to glomerulosclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis, thus losing kidney function.
Blood sugar is not controlled. Diabetic severe and long course, glomerular gradually sclerosis, fibrosis, leading to a sharp decline in renal function, the development of diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, the family has diabetes, had a huge risk of children and other high-risk groups, to be more concerned about the prevention of diabetes; diabetic patients to control blood sugar in a steady state, to minimize the burden on the kidneys.

These statements about kidney disease are wrong

These statements about kidney disease are wrong



Kidney is not good for our health effects are very strong, and kidney disease is necessary to timely treatment, so as not to allow the disease to expand. But many people in the understanding of kidney disease easily fall into errors, leading to make the wrong judgments, but delayed the best treatment time, the following small series to sum up kidney disease 6 misunderstanding.
1 low back pain that kidney disease. Lumbago most of the causes of orthopedic or peripheral soft tissue disease, many patients with kidney disease have no symptoms of low back pain.

2 kidney is kidney disease. Kidney deficiency is the concept of traditional Chinese medicine, diagnosis of nephropathy need to test blood, urine, etc., if there is proteinuria, hematuria, increased serum creatinine, decreased glomerular filtration rate and other results can be diagnosed with kidney disease.

3 edema is kidney disease. Clinical findings, nephropathy has a relatively special swollen parts, such as early morning eyelid swelling, but this is not absolute, some patients with kidney disease will not swollen eyelids. Other diseases can also be edema, a small number of idiopathic edema is functional.

4 kidney disease is difficult to early detection, a check out on the late. In actual fact, although the incidence of nephropathy hidden, but a year to do a routine urine test, you can early detection of signs of disease, and then to kidney disease specialist, will be able to strangle the disease in the cradle. Suggested that young people should pay attention to blood pressure, many young people die of high blood pressure from kidney disease.

5 kidney disease is cured. Through personalized treatment of Integrative Medicine, many patients with renal disease can be clinically cured, to avoid kidney dialysis. The key is to a reasonable diagnosis and treatment, grasp the opportunity to avoid chaos medicine.

       6 kidney wear is terrible. Pathology is the diagnosis of kidney disease, "the gold standard", only a clear diagnosis in order to develop the most suitable for patients with the program, truly the right remedy, or it became a hit the Grand Canal. In regular hospitals, operated by experienced specialists, kidney wear is safe. In many cases, refused to wear kidney is the only time to reject the opportunity to cure.

Kidney disease is found when it is uremia! Infinite pole male oral solution - Yang Shen is life! .

Kidney disease is found when it is uremia! Infinite pole male oral solution - Yang Shen is life! .

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Kidney disease is called "silent killer", even if it was injured, you may have no feeling. You often see in the news, someone because of loss of appetite, anemia or fatigue fatigue to seek medical treatment, but found to have uremia late!


In fact, one out of every 10 people in our country suffer from kidney disease! According to the latest published in the international top medical journal "Lancet" on a study reported that the prevalence of adult chronic kidney disease in China up to 10.8%.
Kidney very delicate, very vulnerable to injury, daily habits What is the most kidney injury? May wish to look at the list of injuries kidney behavior it, you must have committed!

1
stay up late


Yes, the first is staying up all night! In addition to well-known stay up late liver injury, stay up late will hurt the kidney. Sunset and sunrise and make the best way of living, sleep at night not later than 11 points, but modern people is difficult to do.

1
drug abuse

Some drugs on the kidney damage is very serious, and some painkillers on the kidney damage is very large.

2
Remedies, health products


In Taiwan, the incidence of chronic kidney disease is high, and local people may love to eat folk remedies, health care related. Some so-called "supplementary protein powder, improve the resistance" of the health care products are likely to lead to excessive protein intake, to bring the burden of the kidneys.

4
Overworked


Intensive work lead to physical fatigue, which lead to kidney deficiency symptoms. Second, excessive use of the brain, a huge work pressure and life stress can not lead to mental relaxation, mental tired, but also easy to kidney injury.

3
Excessive drinking

People say that alcohol body injury, often drinking is a kidney killer.

6
Suddenly strenuous exercise


Busy long-term work does not exercise, sudden and violent exercise may cause excessive renal damage, severe acute renal failure will lead to.

7
Eat salty, eat high-purine shabu-shabu


In winter, people like to eat hot pot, but eat more rinse the meat will hurt the kidney. High-purine, high-fat, high calorie intake of food too much, a long time, no matter how good the kidney will be tired. In fact, usually eat too salty, too sweet, too much oil, eat too much protein will increase the burden on the kidneys.

8
Seafood on the beer

Many people like to drink beer on seafood, seafood products are high-protein food, containing purine and glycoside components, and beer mixed together, will produce excessive uric acid and urea nitrogen and other metabolites, increase the burden on the kidney, easily lead to hyperuricemia Disease, and even kidney stones, uremia.

9
Changhe tea


Tea contains caffeine, a small amount can play the role of refreshing, if excessive intake will make blood flow, blood pressure. The body often contains a high concentration of caffeine, will bring a huge burden on the kidneys. In addition, the tea contains more tannic acid, easily combined with the body of iron into a insoluble substance can cause kidney stones.

10
Pressure, irritability


Modern work, life pressure is great, "I am tired" will become a lot of people's mantra. These emotions will also hurt the kidneys.

Patients with kidney disease so that only the benefits of foot bath! Fast collection up

Patients with kidney disease so that only the benefits of foot bath! Fast collection up



Winter weather is so cold, if every night can be connected to a pot of hot water bubble feet can be a great pleasure. Kidney disease patients often feet are more beneficial to the body, both Xiefan, but also conducive to sleep. However, the foot bath is not the feet into the hot water in the bubble on the end of everything, and scientific methods can play the effect of foot bath. Come and study with me


Time to pay attention, at nine o'clock the most kidney
We all know that foot bath is good, but there are a lot of people do not know, at different times of foot bath on the role of the organs of the body are not the same. Think of the effect of kidney and kidney have to choose in the kidney when the blood is weak - 9 pm. At this point the feet will increase the body heat, promote blood circulation, relaxation, regulation of the day tired of the kidneys, bringing comfort and ease, help to improve sleep quality.



Water temperature requirements, not too high too low
Foot duration will generally be longer, the water temperature overheating may lead to low-temperature burns, too cool it will not achieve the desired effect. The optimum water temperature is between 2 ° C and 4 ° C above the body temperature, between about 38 ° C and 42 ° C. If it is an ordinary tub, it is recommended 42 ° C water temperature, to prevent the water temperature dropped too fast; conditions, you can choose a deep basin or a thermostat foot tub, can play a better role in the insulation.



Effect to confirm, meridian through to be considered good
The purpose of foot bath is active blood, bones, so how to achieve good results? That is sweating. Feel the back or forehead slightly sweating, it is proved that the meridians have been through the upper and lower, you can end the work of the foot bath; do not blindly pursue the effect of sweating, as there will be potential risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.



Duration is very important, too long is too short is useless
Although the foot bath on kidney disease and other conditions such as joint pain, insomnia, cough and asthma are all good, but not the longer the longer the more effective bubble. Many people like to soak when the bubble in the water so cool, and some will continue to add as the figure of hot water, soak for more than an hour, this is the wrong foot bath method. Feet really can not leave, but too far, everyone's physical and disease conditions are different, according to their own to control the appropriate length of time, generally limited to 30 minutes is appropriate. Blind pursuit of time is not good for health.



Foot bath four "not"
In addition, the feet there are several "unfavorable" approach: the elderly feet should not be too long for young people, better within 20 minutes; women menstrual complex, feet should not be free to use traditional Chinese medicine grinding foot bath powder; Foot bath, easy to increase the burden on the stomach; suffering from a variety of serious bleeding and renal failure, heart failure, myocardial infarction and other patients, should not foot bath.

The original knowledge of so much foot bath, we should pay attention to the future Oh! Parents like foot bath, be sure to transfer this article to them, so that parents feel as we should be filial and careful as children!

Diabetic nephropathy I was able to eat meat

Diabetic nephropathy I was able to eat meat

Diabetic nephropathy patients always "special treatment", in fact, there is a reason: diabetic nephropathy, often need low-protein diet.

Low-protein diet is Gesha? But also how to do? After reading the article today we will understand.

Tips, because the diabetic nephropathy low-protein diet is complex, today's article is relatively long, we have to have patience to read oh ~

Diabetic nephropathy to low-protein diet?

If the development of diabetes to a certain extent, had diabetic nephropathy, it means that the function of the kidney has caused some damage.

And the final metabolites of proteins need to be excreted from the kidneys, in order to reduce the burden on the kidneys, delay renal dysfunction, we need to limit food intake of protein.

If the kidney function is not good, and not limit the protein, so that the kidneys "injury" for high-intensity work, this time, the damaged kidney is like pulling cattle in the old cattle, it is easy to get tired to get on the ground.

Therefore, low-protein diets need to run through the entire course of treatment of diabetic nephropathy.

Low-protein diet is to eat less meat?

Doctors often tell patients with diabetic nephropathy:

Meal to eat; meat can eat, but not too much ... ...

This paragraph of words to listen to down, just think that under what should eat less, life has become sad reminder.

In fact, "low-protein diet" argument is not complete, because the front also missed the word "quality."

Do not underestimate the word, which determines the choice of food strategy: the total protein control under the premise of which half of the protein needs from animal foods, that is, lean meat, poultry, fish, shrimp and dairy products .

Food protein amino acids closer to the human body, essential amino acids, the higher the overall absorption rate. Which is the top egg, milk, fish, poultry, meat.

Therefore, the total protein control in the premise, the quality of the protein in the food should be high, in order to more efficient use of limited protein.

How much protein do I need each day?

Usually the doctor will tell patients with chronic kidney disease is a period of different stages of patients, protein intake is also different.

In patients with stage 1 and 2 chronic kidney disease, protein intake was 0.8 g / kg bw / day, whereas Phase 3, 4 and 5 needed to be reduced to 0.6 g / kg body weight. Acid preparations.

Let's give an example:

A 60 kg of diabetic nephropathy, if a period or 2, then the daily intake of 48 grams of protein;

While the same 3, 4 or 5 of the patients, you can only eat 36 grams.

This gap of 12 grams of protein, which is equivalent to 5 shrimp or 400 mL of milk. Which difference is not small, we must pay attention.

How to achieve a low-protein diet?

In general, low-protein diet is: to ensure that meat, reduce the amount of cereals, fruits and vegetables. The specific approach can follow the following three steps.

1. Calculate the total

Just now and we have said, we need to determine how much protein every day according to renal function, we can according to the disease, according to the limit to calculate.

Of course, a more convenient option is to nutrition, nutritionist to calculate.

2. Determine the amount of meat dishes

Determine how much protein to eat every day, then how to choose food is the problem. Because the low-protein diet requires half of the protein from high-quality protein, so you know how much meat to eat every day.

We have to ensure that each meal has high-quality protein, that is, meat, eggs, poultry, fish, milk.

For example:

Breakfast: Milk 200 mL (protein 6 g)

Chinese food: shrimp 10 (protein 10 grams)

Dinner: small yellow croaker 1 (protein 10 grams) + 25 grams of meat (protein 5 grams)

This already has 31 grams of protein.

3. staple food, vegetables and fruits

A weight of 60 kg of diabetic kidney disease in patients with a day 48 grams of protein, lose the above 31 grams, there are 17 grams can be assigned to the staple food, vegetables and fruits.

Staple food: a small bowl of rice protein is about 4 grams, so the lunch and dinner can eat a small bowl of rice. While the other staple food (noodles, wonton, buckwheat, corn) protein than rice, food consumption minus 1/2 to 1/3.

Vegetables: beans (soybeans, peas, beans, beans, peas, bean sprouts, etc.), yam, broccoli, bamboo shoots, lily, potatoes, sweet potato protein content of more than 3 g / 100 grams, so try to avoid or Reduce consumption. If consumed, the staple food needs to be reduced. Recommended for consumption of green leafy vegetables.

Fruit: The protein content of the fruit can be neglected.

How to make a delicious low-protein diet?

Chinese people grow up eating rice, reduce the rice will make people feel very uncomfortable. Do not worry, there are two ways to allow patients with diabetic nephropathy to continue to enjoy rice at the same time, but also a low-protein diet.

1. Selection of low-protein rice

The rice protein in the ordinary rice only 1/10 ~ 1/25, so eat this rice without reducing consumption, but also can be appropriate to increase the amount of some meat dishes.

The downside is that the price is more expensive. Fortunately, the domestic production of low-protein rice manufacturers gradually increased, so the price is likely to decline in the future.

2. Selection of low protein content, high starch content of cereals as the staple food

This kind of staple food, you can arrange for 1 to 2 meals in the meal. These low protein content of cereals are: wheat starch (Cheng powder), corn starch, lotus root starch, Fenpi.

Which can be made of wheat starch, wheat starch potato cake, wheat starch crystal dumplings, wheat starch leek steamed dumplings, wheat starch noodles. There are now on the market of wheat starch biscuits, low-protein diet can choose to snacks.

Outside to eat, how to do?

Be sure to take your current diet, tell friends or family to eat together, so they will be able to better meet, do not be embarrassed to say.

Meal, the amount of meat dishes than usual more than 1/3, but not more than 1 times. Fans pot, crystal shrimp dumplings, potatoes can replace the staple food. In addition to beans, other vegetables and fruits can be enjoyed with friends and family together.

These details should also be noted

Low-protein diet requires long-term adherence, and some details require special attention. include:

Ensuring enough energy: Enough energy intake is a prerequisite for effective protein use. Therefore, before the implementation of low-protein diet, both doctors and patients should go to nutrition clinics to allow nutritionists to determine your energy intake.

Weighing regularly: regular measurement of body weight can keep abreast of their nutritional status.

Regular monitoring of renal function, electrolytes: Understanding of low-protein diet on renal function and electrolyte effects.

Regular monitoring of albumin and prealbumin: understanding their body protein synthesis and nutritional status.

Kidney disease in the end can reverse it? The doctor 's voice please listen to!

Kidney disease in the end can reverse it? The doctor 's voice please listen to!

Recently heard some let me feel very helpless words: Doctors, you can not buy these public hospitals in the top three private hospitals of advanced technology? You say these doctors every day, chronic kidney disease requires lifelong control, but private hospitals already have the world's leading technology, can reverse the kidney completely through the drug micro-infiltration to the kidney inherent cells, complete reversal of fibrosis, sclerosis. Private hospitals are too expensive to afford, but the state can not point out some money to promote these technologies? Let us have no money people can enjoy the advanced technology?

I really dumbfounding, feel ridiculous! exasperating! sad! Alas! Poor!

I believe that this is not just a kidney physician I heard, explained for the patient! Many conscience professional kidney physicians are worried about this, why patients can not be a little sober think about it, if you really have these "advanced method", we will not research and promotion? Will these "advanced therapies" decline in the light of the place?

The reality is that many patients by these so-called "reverse therapy" deceived, the money was drained, dragged back more severe condition, had to re-formal treatment, which the blood and tears, but also far more than one or two words can say clearly!

1

Chronic kidney disease is a long-term control of the disease, which was diagnosed on the first day should be psychologically prepared. So you have this psychological preparation, not to say that after the sick days of dark days, it is necessary to drag the body to tears all day! We have a considerable number of patients in stable condition, the days flies fast! Than ordinary people also healthy!

Tell you the need for long-term control, is to let you establish the concept of the disease: Do not paranoid overnight, eat a few drugs completely without control! Do not delusional use of drugs for some time, you can like god water, the disease is completely cured! You have to have such an idea, the next step will fall into a variety of trap! According to you most want to listen to the series to listen to you, these scams routines very much! As long as you have such a "quick cure" of the chances, the set is a matter of time.

You need to cooperate with a good doctor, make their condition stabilized, and this requires a long-term treatment process. Sometimes a few months, sometimes several years, the disease reached a stable period, it is not without control, and some patients can be completely discontinued the disease, only every three months or six months to the hospital to review kidney-related indicators. Some patients need to continue after the stability of one or more drugs to maintain treatment, regular hospital review.

Although the need for such regular monitoring, some people need to continue to take medicine, but usually life will not be much affected.

Recently, I encountered a patient with nephrotic syndrome, is a small lesion girl, now has been beautiful, really "blind" my eyes! 3 years ago because she was eating glucocorticoid treatment, the full moon face is very obvious, followed by two years and relapse twice, the last 1 year in stable condition, hormones and other drugs are gradually disabled, look like recovery, although the middle of a year off, But now the situation is very good, to achieve complete clinical remission, has returned to normal life, like her classmates, enjoy a better college life. In addition to regularly check the hospital to a renal function of urine, and healthy people is the same.

And her same period with a nephrotic syndrome patients admitted to a hospital received numerous phone calls that they can direct treatment of lesions, not only a temporary solution is also a permanent cure, unlike ordinary treatment is only a surface, can not stand the temptation to go to this Home hospital, hospitalized 10 days cheated 40,000 yuan, where the test results are can be free to change, and what can not? After acute renal failure, the money did not, and the disease is also a variable back.

Good doctor sometimes did not say you want to hear, not for you is not responsible, nor do not want to cure you, on the contrary, is responsible for your condition, do not want you to go astray, only hope you have a clear understanding.

2

That is to say, chronic kidney disease does not exist any reversal? There is no cure?

We have a "clinical cure" of this argument, that is, through a certain treatment, the patient's indicators to achieve medical complete remission, can be considered a clinical cure. But this is not the same thing as reversing what we think.

Take the most common type of chronic kidney disease in young people --- IgA nephropathy, an analogy. If the patient through effective treatment, the 24-hour urine protein less than 0.5g, blood pressure normal, normal renal function, then it can be considered "clinical cure", the risk of renal failure has been very small.

But we usually believe that the reversal is that the indicators should be completely and exactly the same as normal, kidney disease and reverse the organization was exactly the same as normal.

To achieve this reversal is impossible.

Kidney cells, in addition to renal tubular epithelial cells, other cells can not be regenerated. A lesion, if not acute changes, but chronic changes, such as sclerosis, fibrosis, which is like a scar, there is no drug to make it renewable. No matter how much hype, has died organization, and this organization is not renewable, our goal is not all day thinking of reversal, but to protect the remaining part of the kidney, let it continue to deteriorate!

And through effective treatment control, many patients can protect the rest of the part to longevity! Kidney reserve function is very powerful, as we see a kidney person, some people can maintain normal renal function.

3

Well, said so much, a bit long-winded, but I hope that our patients can hear our professional kidney physician an advice, although chronic kidney disease requires long-term attention and management, but many of our patients can be controlled very well, Healthy and healthy, and ordinary people no difference in life.

Through regular treatment, do not believe that crooked heresies, our kidney friends, can live a better life!

Kidney disease how to be cured

Kidney disease how to be cured

There are many types and stages of nephropathy, a large number of people with nephritis, renal comprehensive, renal failure, uremia, etc., but also lipoprotein nephropathy, hereditary nephropathy and other "niche groups." Many people in the background asked:

"Can I completely cure this kind of disease?"

The degree of difficulty of treatment of each disease is not the same, "cure" the standard is also different, the disease from mild to severe can be divided into three treatment results: complete cure, palliative normal, without dialysis. If the disease is not detected in time, the development of advanced to the patient's injury to the patient's injury to the disease, the disease can not be diagnosed as early as possible, if the early detection of symptoms of kidney disease, timely and effective treatment, can effectively reduce the injury, the disease will soon recover; Will be great, severe will be life threat association

      Patients should be aware of their disease, do not blindly judge.

Completely cured

Child nutcracker syndrome

Simple occult blood allergic purpura nephritis

Membranous first-stage nephropathy

Occult nephritis

These types of nephropathy, or pathological type is simple, or has not yet developed a serious, high cure rate.

And most of the cure, as long as they do not find a disease, the disease will not come to the door.

Indicators normal

Most types of nephritis

Nephrotic syndrome

Mild renal insufficiency and so on

This type of kidney disease after treatment, you can achieve "clinical cure", which is edema, pleural effusion, creatinine, blood pressure and other symptoms returned to normal, 24-hour urine protein 0.5 below the glomerular filtration rate of 90 or more.

There is a probability of recurrence, but there are ways to reduce relapse. Of course, these diseases may also be completely cured, indicators of normal withdrawal, 5 years without recurrence, is completely cured. Even after 10 years of illness, it is also another disease, and has been cured of the disease has nothing to do.

Without dialysis

Kidney failure

Acute progression of chronic renal failure

Diabetic nephropathy

Uremia and so on

For these types of kidney disease can not be completely cured, as long as after treatment, to restore part of the kidney cells, part of the creatinine down, no serious complications occur, do not rely on dialysis to maintain life, this is the treatment success.

      Chronic kidney disease recommended attention to the "third rule, seven raise" For example: three fear: fear of anger, afraid of fatigue, afraid of colds. Four bogey: avoid salt, avoid sexual intercourse, avoid diet section, avoid living impermanence. Fear of tobacco and alcohol, fear of spicy greasy, fear of fear, fear of seafood, high blood pressure high Note good condition, active symptomatic treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, the so-called "hot and humid is not removed, protein Nanxiao; stasis is not cured, Actively remove the heat and blood stasis so the symptoms will reach "evil cured positive security." Traditional Chinese medicine treatment must not easily benefit, to avoid a "closed-door stay Kou," the treatment of taboo, so that disease treatment deviate from the treatment track

Various types of kidney disease, kidney, lupus kidney is the most difficult to treat, but also the highest proportion of the development of uremic two, to pay special attention.

Kidney Disease Mistaken hormone therapy is an angel or a devil

Kidney Disease Mistaken hormone therapy is an angel or a devil

"To dialysis, to change the kidney" This is the majority of people with kidney disease, uremia impression, in their hearts, got kidney disease, but to the life of a family ah. Every year a large number of patients with kidney disease threatened by illness, many families lost their joy, many children lost their loved ones. Kidney disease is sometimes like a snake, sucking tens of thousands of people's blood, this heinous demon, so many healthy bodies were fatal night devastated.

Many patients with kidney disease at the beginning of feeling burnout, legs heavy, the morning after the puffiness, like "fat", to the hospital for examination, found that urine protein or occult blood, was identified as kidney disease. The routine treatment of kidney disease, often using oral hormones and immunosuppressive agents and other drugs to control urinary protein, occult blood. The beginning of the treatment effect is also obvious, laboratory indicators soon improved, disappeared, which makes many patients mistakenly believe that hormones are the best means of treatment of kidney disease.

In fact, this is just a false impression. Stone doctors have analyzed, although the treatment of initial indicators of a temporary decline, but the damaged kidney cells have not been repaired. Over the years the use of hormones, so that patients dependent on the formation of hormones, like drugs, like withdrawal does not come down, but the damage caused by hormones on the body is enormous, these hormones have significant side effects, a temporary solution, the index fell today Will rise.

Hormone, is the angel or the devil? We can not be rigorous evaluation of anyone, but the hormone easy to give false impression and delay the disease, the stone doctor once again remind you: kidney disease in the course of treatment, we must find a professional doctor and professional hospital for treatment.

Said the kidney is not a thing, health is the thing, a lot of time we subconscious thing is not necessarily correct, I hope that through this program to learn more about some of the lives of kidney and kidney errors, so that we can target Timely correction, which has a more harmonious and healthy life!

Patients with kidney disease can eat soy products do

Patients with kidney disease can eat soy products do

Q: I suffer from chronic kidney disease, has been circulating in the folk, "kidney disease should not eat soy products," saying, I would like to know in the end suffering from kidney disease can eat "beans"?

A: The main component of soy is soybeans, soy protein-rich foods, and the content is not less than animal protein. The source of human protein is amino acids, medicine can not be synthesized by the body's own synthesis or lack of amino acids called essential amino acids.

Many have the "avoid 'beans' point of view of the doctor that: soybeans contain non-essential amino acids more, and meat contains more essential amino acids, so the animal protein is also known as high-quality protein, for Kidney disease patients should eat this high-quality protein diet.

In fact, studies have confirmed that: in addition to methionine content of soybean protein is slightly lower, the rest of the essential amino acid composition ratio with the whole protein and protein contained in pork close to, is a high-quality protein. For kidney disease patients, soybeans and other soy products are edible.

Of course, due to high protein diet will aggravate the deterioration of renal function, kidney disease diet is the general principle of quality low-protein diet, that is to control the total protein intake, so eat "beans" is limited. In general, patients with nephrotic syndrome protein intake per day is best controlled at 40-50 grams, renal insufficiency in patients with no more than 40 grams per day. In this context, patients with kidney disease may be appropriate to eat some soy products, you can also choose to eat more concentrated concentrations of soy milk, tofu and so on.

"Kidney pseudoscience" list: the top four influence

"Kidney pseudoscience" list: the top four influence

"Pseudo-science" is disgusting, because they are always known as "science", "Hello" in the name of widespread, confusing and seditious, really three into a tiger, said many people on the It is believed to be science!

Insiders look at the doorway, lay people watch! Today, kidney on the line for everyone to break the widely circulated 4 "pseudoscientific kidney disease." These "pseudoscience" widely circulated among the kidney friends, causing a lot of people's problems, and even some kidney friends pay a huge price.

1

All kidney disease will have uremia

This is the most ridiculous of a false proposition!

If I changed --- everyone will get uremia! Say that a little better. I said is including healthy people, patients with kidney disease, other patients, everybody, every one!

Salsa Are you crazy?

No, because you have to believe that kidney disease patients will have uremia, then I tell you, might as well believe that everyone will have uremia.

Normal to 40 years of age, renal function is declining year by year, in theory, the annual glomerular filtration rate will be reduced by about 1ml / min (decline in the rate of individual differences), when our glomerular filtration rate decreased to 15ml / Min or less, medically known as end-stage renal failure, which is what we say uremia.

Then we calculate, a healthy person, if the glomerular filtration rate to 40 years of age is 90ml / min, annual glomerular filtration rate decreased 1ml / min speed, down to only 15ml / min, need 75 Year, which is 115 years old, the kidneys on the failure.

See it? As long as live long enough, our kidneys will eventually lose function, will have uremia! The question is, what does that mean to us? Simply no sense, because everyone will die of old age, so that is equal to put a ass, said nothing.

That back to kidney patients, many people since suffering from kidney disease later, with "this life waiting for drugs," "6 characters bolt death of their own lives, like the suffering suffered by the same big self-pity is no longer happy .

And this statement is like a spell as the winding around each kidney in the head of friends, which have to worship many of our network of false information given, they create such a panic, is to allow the kidneys messy, They slaughtered in the bowl. Lack of disease education, so that the kidneys to be slaughtered lamb, despite mercy!

I hope the kidney on the line of all kidney friends, put their own disease concept, through standardized treatment, most of our kidney friends can get good control, to achieve clinical remission also means that we can like normal people, have the same Of the decline in renal function, unhurried, leisurely to the old.

2

Renal puncture can cause very serious sequelae

Renal biopsy as a diagnostic index of renal medicine, its status plays a decisive role.

However, "kidney puncture is a hole in the body, there will be a very serious sequelae," such terrorist comments widely circulated in the kidneys circle. More some of their own experiences "since the puncture, my waist no longer straight up."

So many patients need to be necessary to carry out kidney wear because people have heard these words and hesitant.

I once met a young woman in the ward, nephrotic syndrome, the local doctor suggested to do the renal biopsy, because of fear and did not agree, then went to a private "old Chinese medicine" treatment for several months, I was in the hospital, Has liver failure, kidney failure. The concept of errors, resulting in a series of errors in the direction of treatment.

Kidney puncture, development to today, is already a mature technology, take a few million units of the nephron dozens, and will not affect our renal function, surgery, back pain and other discomfort, basically 1 month About time can be fully restored. In some cases, the puncture to bring the guiding value, is not replaced by other common tests, when your doctor suggested that you should kidney wear, please do not let the "pseudoscience" rumor as your main basis for judging.

3

Nephropathy patients need to use hormones

Hormone is a very important drug in the field of nephropathy, but not all patients with kidney disease need to use hormones, nor is it only the use of hormones is good for patients with kidney disease.

More helpless, because these views, some of our patients even have such distress, "Western medicine to know to use hormones, so I do not want to see Western medicine," "how do you not give me hormones, useless hormones better. "

Hormone is a double-edged sword, it is a good type of kidney disease, such as minor lesions. At the same time, it has a lot of side effects, may cause serious infections, changes in appearance, diabetes, osteoporosis and so on.

Should not be used, how to use, how to weigh the pros and cons, which require a set of standardized measures!

You need to do is to follow the recommendations of regular doctors, with their own doctors!

4

Friends of the kidney can not eat bean products

Any of the ordinary people, is a healthy food, then, for the kidneys, it does not exist absolutely can not eat.

This is our repeated teach you the concept of healthy food, with good is king! Choose for their own, is a good food!

Although there are always advocated "Do not eat **, will destroy the kidneys," "eat ***, good for the kidney," such remarks, but mostly without any basis of the craps, a closer look, you can Found that they put it, can not get any decent tricky research.

Take soybeans, there is no study that eating soy will increase kidney disease, on the contrary, there are many studies have shown that moderate to eat soybeans, soy products, good for patients with kidney disease.

Take this study published in this year's kidney disease authority magazine "CJASN"

The study included 15,285 patients with chronic kidney disease, the results are: a healthy diet, that eat more fruits and vegetables, fish, beans, cereals, whole grains and dietary fiber, eat red meat, sodium, Can make the early mortality rate reduced by 20-30%.

Let's take a look at the Chinese food pagoda:

Soybean as a source of high-quality protein, why always repeatedly wronged people do? Can not high-protein diet, or need low-protein diet kidney friends, eat just right!

whatsapp:+8618330162295

Chronic kidney disease in the end how the conditioning?

Chronic kidney disease in the end how the conditioning? 

Moreover, this kidney is said, according to medical statistics data, the Chinese people, every 10 people there is a person, this is a huge number, therefore, how to regulate, how to protect themselves, is a must care about.

I always say, in fact, if a physician, can treat the cold to understand, that is good. Many of us look down on a cold, in fact, a cold will cause a lot of problems, including kidney disease.

Therefore, some doctors recommend, strictly speaking, should be in every cold after, have to do a urine routine examination to determine whether the kidney has been damaged. I feel that when the general cold, the kidneys are often vulnerable to a transient damage, so if the cold has just ended, may have not recovered this damage, and over a week or so, if a transient damage, has been restored, If it is really a damage, no recovery, then you can check out.

In the examination of chronic nephritis, Western urine test is very accurate, we must learn from Chinese medicine.

So, chronic nephritis in the end how to prevent it?

1. Do not kidney. Kidney deficiency, is the root cause of illness, such people, evils more easily invaded, so we must protect ourselves, try not to loss of kidney qi, not excessive indulgence. This is a prerequisite for prevention and treatment of kidney problems. In addition to protecting the kidney, the body upright protection is also very important, lack of spleen and lung, and so on, are also need to pay attention.

2. Try to prevent a cold. Cold is inevitable, but now the air pollution is serious, very cold indeed, so try to keep the air clean, protect themselves, to avoid the occurrence of colds. Otherwise it is very easy because of a cold and cause exogenous pathogens invasion of the kidney.

3. To maintain emotional optimism. This is a problem that has not been concerned, in fact, the occurrence of emotional disease in the development of a great influence, I observed a number of patients with chronic nephritis, are a little emotional instability. Or is the character has its own characteristics, are some sentimental, over-thought, sensitive to emotional problems. This may not always be the case, but it does have an impact.

4. Away from decoration pollution. This is my observation of the phenomenon, I have a survey of patients with chronic nephritis, found that many people have just renovated at home. Although there is no more clinical epidemiological studies, but I later check the information to see, nephritis is also an immune disease, from a certain perspective, is also a blood disease, and leukemia and other relevant.

5. Control of blood uric acid. Many nephritis is caused by gout, called gouty kidney disease, which is a lot of people ignore the problem, and now more and more of these patients.

Check indicators of recovery, kidney disease to heal?

At present, the kidney disease prevention and treatment there is a typical "four high", "three low" status quo. "Four high" that the high incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases with high complications, high mortality, high cost of treatment, and "three low" that the incidence of awareness is low, reasonable rate of treatment of low complication awareness rate, which To the prevention and treatment of kidney disease has brought great difficulty. And a considerable number of patients rarely regular physical examination, or take the test report found that renal function indicators just above the ceiling a little bit, but not enough attention, that "not so high a little bit high." Chronic kidney disease in the diagnosis and treatment are common misunderstanding, these errors lead to patients and their families do not know how to actively cooperate with the treatment, which is early detection and treatment of chronic kidney disease is very unfavorable.

Many patients with kidney disease in the course of treatment, that the indicators to reduce kidney disease has improved, or even since that has been cured, and cooked do not know, this idea is the greatest impact on the cure of kidney disease, that you have caught in kidney disease treatment A major misunderstanding.

For a variety of early kidney disease, if only attention to urinary protein, occult blood and other indicators of control treatment, simply to reduce the index down, rather than the cause of renal disease treatment, the eventual decline in renal function, the accumulation of large amounts of toxins in the blood, , Urea nitrogen is rising.

Traditional treatment approach that: as long as the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen test indicators decreased, kidney disease is under control. But this has ignored the already severe kidney function of the repair itself, so taking these drugs to reduce the indicators at the same time, the kidneys will be a lot of drugs against the rapid deterioration of renal function, which lost a very valuable time for treatment. Patients with severe anemia, frequent vomiting, can not eat, anorexia, high blood pressure, significantly reduced urination, sleep can not be supine, chest tightness suffocation and other symptoms, had to embark on long-term hemodialysis or kidney transplant road.

Stone doctors here to remind the majority of patients and family friends, kidney disease is a chronic difficult, difficult to bear fruit, easy to repeat, many times the indicator can not represent everything. Therefore, as patients must be willing to take the time to have their patient's treatment of disease, must be carried out during the regular physical examination, to determine the treatment status.

Said the kidney is not a thing, health is the thing, a lot of time we subconscious thing is not necessarily correct, I hope that through this program to learn more about some of the lives of kidney and kidney errors, so that we can target Timely correction, which has a more harmonious and healthy life!

What should kidney patients do after a cold? Do not let a cold lead to relapse

What should kidney patients do after a cold? Do not let a cold lead to relapse

First of all we want to make it clear: when we treat a cold, just to alleviate its symptoms. In other words, the so-called "cure a cold", just cure cough, fever, runny nose, headache.

The real cure "cold" drug, has not yet invented.

Western medicine how to treat?

In accordance with formal procedures, once found cold, Western practice is to carry out saliva bacterial culture test, blood tests, in order to determine in the end is a bacterial infection or viral infection.

In the medication, the penicillins, macrolides drugs mainly, if necessary, can also use cephalosporins.

Abroad

Antibiotics are generally not allowed for the treatment of colds

The antibiotic drip is not allowed

But in the country

This situation is still more flooding

How to determine in the end is a bacterial infection or viral infection?

In blood routine:

White blood cells and neutrophils are high in patients, more common in cocci infections, these patients are sometimes associated with chills;

Low white blood cells in patients, more common in viral infections, pay attention to identify the type of virus.

Can also check procalcitonin, elevated also means that serious bacterial infection, and virus infection is generally not increased.

Chinese medicine how to treat?

Chinese medicine will be divided into cold and cold cold wind cold cold, the difference between the two is:

① runny nose is a cold cold, cold yellow nose is the wind-heat cold;

② cold early, pharynx itch is a cold cold, sore throat is Fengreganmao.

Different from Western medicine, Chinese medicine treatment of cold focus is to regulate the body yin and yang, so in addition to traditional Chinese medicine treatment, it will use a lot of common ingredients, such as -

Ginger sugar water

Specific medication

Runny nose

Cold cold: you can boil onion ginger water to drink, with light blue and ginger foam. You can also foot bath, if there is no conditions, hot water foot bath on the line, but the water to diffuse to the lower leg.

Fengreganmao: You can drink Shuanghuanglian oral liquid.

headache

You can use dome, Fructus Viticis, chrysanthemum and so on.

Cold

You can use cassia twig, Asarum, leaves, pepper and so on.

Night sweats

You can use cornus water decoction.

cough

Less sputum or no sputum, you can choose Chuanbei loquat, can be a serious licorice tablets, but must be used under the guidance of a doctor, because licorice tablets have a certain impact on the liver and kidney.

Sputum and more, in addition to Chuanbei loquat, you can also choose orange particles, Shedan Chuanbei liquid, cough syrup.

Do not want to take medicine, you can light blue, licorice, turnip boil water to drink; or white radish, parsley root boiled water to drink;

fever

You can use Notopterygium, Bupleurum, Banlangen, almonds and so on.

Western medicine, then recommended amoxicillin, penicillin, etc., if a child, the preferred choice of ibuprofen; if the chest radiography found to have pulmonary infection, fluid or tuberculosis, cephalosporins can also be used; if accompanied by intestinal infection, You can choose levofloxacin, but there is a certain degree of renal toxicity, the use must be prescribed.

Patients with kidney disease which is not suitable for childbearing

Patients with kidney disease which is not suitable for childbearing

  1, active in patients with nephropathy

Chronic nephritis patients with large amounts of proteinuria or urinary protein in addition to urine, there are more red blood cells, such as urine, said the condition is unstable, when the pregnancy such as "fuel", increase the burden on the kidneys, plasma albumin can fall , Leading to severe edema, increased blood volume, so that elevated blood pressure, severe cases can lead to heart failure. At the same time, the active period of nephropathy need to take a variety of drugs (such as hormones, immunosuppressive agents, antihypertensive drugs, etc.) to stabilize the condition, and these drugs can cause hormone disorders in women, resulting in decreased ability to conceive, more importantly, drugs may lead to the fetus deformity.

2, patients with renal dysfunction

Kidney failure, may result in renal failure, not only endanger their own lives, but also easily lead to fetal malformations, abortion, stillbirths, may also affect the quality of the egg, is not recommended for pregnant women, and patients with pregnancy will further increase the burden on the kidney.

3, blood pressure is higher than 150/100 mm Hg

Such patients prone to pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, can cause hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, stillbirth, can also cause heart failure, acute renal failure, postpartum hemorrhage is also a high incidence.

4, cystitis, hydronephrosis and other patients with severe infectious nephropathy

The course of treatment to a large number of antimicrobial drugs, may affect fetal health, but also temporarily unfit for pregnancy.

However, not all patients with kidney disease are not fertility, should be based on the type of kidney disease, severity of the disease, renal function may be. Some patients with nephropathy, such as chronic occult nephritis mild lesions nephropathy, only a small amount of proteinuria, no hypertension, no renal dysfunction, under strict medical care to allow pregnancy.

Nephrotic syndrome should be added vitamin diet should be introduced

Nephrotic syndrome should be added vitamin diet should be introduced

Nephrotic syndrome is a group of multiple glomerular diseases, the disease will lead to the occurrence of a variety of complications. So, for patients with the disease should pay attention to what the daily conditioning it?

Essentials of Diet in Nephrotic Syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome is a common disease, the treatment of nephrotic syndrome, the diet nursed back to health is very important, then, what are the main points of nephrotic syndrome diet?

1, high vitamin intake

For patients with nephrotic syndrome, are generally associated with vitamin deficiency, which is mainly related to dietary restrictions and diseases related to metabolic abnormalities. So for patients with friends, should strengthen the intake of high vitamins, most of these vitamins stored in fruits and vegetables, such as tomatoes, rape, leek, citrus, hawthorn, etc., should be added to the daily diet of fresh vegetables and fruits.

2, limit the protein diet

As the protein in the human body will be broken down into ammonia, and these ammonia will increase the burden of decomposition of the kidneys, especially for plant protein, so for patients, should try to low-protein diet,

(1), the patient should be as little as possible the consumption of plant protein, such as beans and soy products.

(2) in the choice of protein food, try to fish, lean meat, chicken, milk-based.

3, high calorie intake

For patients with nephrotic syndrome, should pay attention to calorie intake, intake of carbohydrates can supply enough calories the body can reduce the protein to provide heat and decomposition, to improve azotemia, but also to low-protein diet to get the amino acids Take advantage of.

(1) sweet potato, taro, potatoes, apples, lotus root contains carbohydrates are also very rich, can be used as supplementary food, in the meal room to eat.

(2) about 125.6J / kg daily calories, the daily intake of staple food obtained, mainly by carbohydrate-rich rice, wheat, corn and other cereal supply.

Nephrotic syndrome, diet should be avoided

1, our normal adult daily intake of salt is about 5-6 grams, in some areas to eat salt per person per day to 12 grams, salt for the sodium chloride, sodium carbonate for the base, soda for the sodium bicarbonate, Of the saline too much, easy to make water retention in the human body, induced edema, so patients with renal edema should control the amount of saline, salt into each person is 2-3 grams of low-salt diet. No salt diet is not science, a long time easy to fatigue, dizziness and so on.

2, normal urine output 1-2 kg a day in general, acute nephritis, acute renal failure, oliguria and nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure with oliguria edema patients, to control the amount of water. Because the drink does not go out row, water retention in the body aggravate edema, but also easy to increase the high blood pressure, then the amount of water into the urine plus 500 ml is appropriate. After the increase in urine output can be relaxed into the water. The normal urine output into the water is not limited. In addition, patients with urinary tract infections such as acute pyelonephritis, urethritis, cystitis, etc., in addition to timely treatment of medication, the more water, more urinary rehabilitation of the disease is very favorable.

3, fish and shrimp foods, some patients do not eat kidney, that the kidney is not good, in fact, such food for high-quality protein, allergic diseases such as allergic purpura, purpura nephritis suspected heterosexual protein allergies or A history of fish and shrimp allergy should be used with caution, is generally not taboo. Fish, shrimp, eggs, meat foods rich in animal protein, is the human cells, tissues of the main structural materials, the human body is very important to eat protein-containing foods after liver decomposition, renal excretion, so when the decline in renal function, appropriate Reduce protein intake, both to meet the human metabolic nutritional needs, without increasing the burden on the principle of the kidney. Some patients with kidney disease is not serious and not eating protein, or disease need to limit protein sometimes do not care is not correct.