Nephrotic syndrome nursing routine

Nephrotic syndrome nursing routine

First, the concept of nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disease when the performance of a group of clinical symptoms, including a large number of proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia and edema.

Second, the clinical features of three high and one low, that a large number of proteinuria (≥ 3.5g / l), edema, hyperlipidemia, low plasma protein (≤ 30g / l)

Third, nursing evaluation

1. To understand whether the cause of patients with nephrotic syndrome caused by the cause, including primary and secondary glomerular disease.

2. To assess the typical performance and extent of nephrotic syndrome, such as a large number of proteinuria (> 3.5g / d), hypoproteinemia (30g / d), high edema and hyperlipidemia.

3. To assess the degree of awareness of patients with disease and mental state.

Fourth, nursing measures (a) general care

1. Bed rest, to maintain proper bed or bedside activities, disease relief can increase activity.

2. Give high-quality protein diet, such as eggs, milk, lean meat, etc., into the rich saturated fatty acid diet (animal fat), eat more polyunsaturated fatty acids diet, such as vegetable oil, fish oil. Edema when given low-salt diet.

3. Encourage to speak out about the illness concerns, analyze the causes, help patients to reduce the ideological burden.

(B) special care

1. Edema care:

(1) severe systemic edema should rest to bed rest to edema, keep warm and personal hygiene, good skin care.

(2) strictly record the number of people, limiting the amount of liquid into the liquid volume is equal to the previous day urine volume plus 500ml.

 (3) daily monitoring of body weight and record.

2. Prevention of infection care

(1) to strengthen the skin, oral care.

(2) regular air disinfection ward to reduce the number of visits.

(3) do a variety of strict implementation of the principle of aseptic operation.

(4) after the condition improved or when hormone dosage decreased, the appropriate exercise to enhance resistance.

3. Prevention of thrombosis care:

(1) acute phase bed rest, to give both lower extremity massage, recovery activities and rest alternating.

(2) prescribed application of low molecular weight heparin therapy.

(3) to observe whether renal vein thrombosis, such as back pain, kidney enlargement, deterioration of renal function.

(4) to observe whether the pulmonary embolism, such as hemoptysis, wheezing and myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction.

(C) of the disease observed

1. To observe the blood pressure, edema, urine output changes.

2. Note whether the listlessness, weakness, abdominal distension, bowel sounds weakened and so on.

Fifth, health guidance

1. To maintain a good rest, work and rest, a reasonable diet.

2. On time, according to the amount of medication, not free to reduce or withdrawal, to avoid the use of nephrotoxic drugs.

3. To guide the patient to prevent the occurrence of various infections.

4. Regular out-patient review, monitoring blood, liver and kidney function. If there oliguria, edema, urine turbidity, colds and other symptoms, it is timely medical treatment.